Add the following application-facing memory domain APIs:
k_mem_domain_init() - to initialize a memory domain
k_mem_domain_destroy() - to destroy a memory domain
k_mem_domain_add_partition() - to add a partition into a domain
k_mem_domain_remove_partition() - to remove a partition from a domain
k_mem_domain_add_thread() - to add a thread into a domain
k_mem_domain_remove_thread() - to remove a thread from a domain
A memory domain would contain some number of memory partitions.
A memory partition is a memory region (might be RAM, peripheral
registers, flash...) with specific attributes (access permission,
e.g. privileged read/write, unprivileged read-only, execute never...).
Memory partitions would be defined by set of MPU regions or MMU tables
underneath.
A thread could only belong to a single memory domain any point in time
but a memory domain could contain multiple threads.
Threads in the same memory domain would have the same access permission
to the memory partitions belong to the memory domain.
The memory domain APIs are used by unprivileged threads to share data
to the threads in the same memory and protect sensitive data from
threads outside their domain. It is not only for improving the security
but also useful for debugging (unexpected access would cause exception).
Jira: ZEP-2281
Signed-off-by: Chunlin Han <chunlin.han@linaro.org>
In various places, a private _thread_entry_t, or the full prototype
were being used. Be consistent and use the same typedef everywhere.
Signen-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
Previously, this was only done if an essential thread self-exited,
and was a runtime check that generated a kernel panic.
Now if any thread has k_thread_abort() called on it, and that thread
is essential to the system operation, this check is made. It is now
an assertion.
_NANO_ERR_INVALID_TASK_EXIT checks and printouts removed since this
is now an assertion.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
In benchmark test (test_info) while making function call regs
r0 - r4 are modified into called function. Due to this value
inside r3 is getting lost.
This patch saves and restore the value in r0-r4 regs while making
function calls from assembly language.
Jira: ZEP-2314
Signed-off-by: Youvedeep Singh <youvedeep.singh@intel.com>
The API/Variable names in timing_info looks very speicific to
platform (like systick etc), whereas these variabled are used
across platforms (nrf/arm/quark).
So this patch :-
1. changing API/Variable names to generic one.
2. Creating some of Macros whose implimentation is platform
depenent.
Jira: ZEP-2314
Signed-off-by: Youvedeep Singh <youvedeep.singh@intel.com>
This patch fixes a couple of issues with the stack guard size and
properly constructs the STACK_ALIGN and STACK_ALIGN_SIZE definitions.
The ARM AAPCS requires that the stack pointers be 8 byte aligned. The
STACK_ALIGN_SIZE definition is meant to contain the stack pointer
alignment requirements. This is the required alignment at public API
boundaries (ie stack frames).
The STACK_ALIGN definition is the required alignment for the start
address for stack buffer storage. STACK_ALIGN is used to validate
the allocation sizes for stack buffers.
The MPU_GUARD_ALIGN_AND_SIZE definition is the minimum alignment and
size for the MPU. The minimum size and alignment just so happen to be
32 bytes for vanilla ARM MPU implementations.
When defining stack buffers, the stack guard alignment requirements
must be taken into consideration when allocating the stack memory.
The __align() must be filled in with either STACK_ALIGN_SIZE or the
align/size of the MPU stack guard. The align/size for the guard region
will be 0 when CONFIG_MPU_STACK_GUARD is not set, and 32 bytes when it
is.
The _ARCH_THREAD_STACK_XXXXXX APIs need to know the minimum alignment
requirements for the stack buffer memory and the stack guard size to
correctly allocate and reference the stack memory. This is reflected
in the macros with the use of the STACK_ALIGN definition and the
MPU_GUARD_ALIGN_AND_SIZE definition.
Signed-off-by: Andy Gross <andy.gross@linaro.org>
This patch removes the redundant stack alignment check being done. The
stack definition macros enforce the alignment requirements via the
__align() directives.
In addition, fix the rounding down of the psp to be correct. The
actual initial stack pointer is the end of the stack minus the size of
the __esf structure. Rounding down after the subtraction will get us
to the correct offset.
Signed-off-by: Andy Gross <andy.gross@linaro.org>
An abnormal crash was encountered in ARMv6-M SoCs that don't have flash
starting at 0. With Zephyr OS the reason for this crash is that, on
ARMv6-M the system requires an exception vector table at the 0 address.
We implement the relocate_vector_table function to move the vector table
code to address 0 on systems which don't have the start of code already
at 0.
[kumar.gala: reworderd commit message, tweaked how we check if we need
to copy vector table]
Signed-off-by: Xiaorui Hu <xiaorui.hu@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
This patch adjusts the ARM MPU implementation to be compliant to the
recent changes that introduced the opaque kernel data types.
Signed-off-by: Andy Gross <andy.gross@linaro.org>
The mimimum mpu size is 32 bytes, but requires mpu base address to be
aligned on 32 bytes to work. Define architecture thread macro when
MPU_STACK_GUARD config to allocate stack with 32 more bytes.
Signed-off-by: Michel Jaouen <michel.jaouen@st.com>
This patch adds the allow flash write CONFIG option to the ARM MPU
configuration in privileged mode.
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Scott <michael.scott@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
This patch adds the allow flash write CONFIG option to the NXP MPU
configuration in privileged mode.
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Currently Thread time slice is getting reset at end of timer
interrupt. Due to which equal priority threads behind current thread
in ready_q are not getting chance to run and leading to starvation.
This patch handles time slice in _ExcExit section context switch is
required.
Jira: ZEP-2444
Signed-off-by: Youvedeep Singh <youvedeep.singh@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ramesh Thomas <ramesh.thomas@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Anas Nashif <anas.nashif@intel.com>
Historically, stacks were just character buffers and could be treated
as such if the user wanted to look inside the stack data, and also
declared as an array of the desired stack size.
This is no longer the case. Certain architectures will create a memory
region much larger to account for MPU/MMU guard pages. Unfortunately,
the kernel interfaces treat both the declared stack, and the valid
stack buffer within it as the same char * data type, even though these
absolutely cannot be used interchangeably.
We introduce an opaque k_thread_stack_t which gets instantiated by
K_THREAD_STACK_DECLARE(), this is no longer treated by the compiler
as a character pointer, even though it really is.
To access the real stack buffer within, the result of
K_THREAD_STACK_BUFFER() can be used, which will return a char * type.
This should catch a bunch of programming mistakes at build time:
- Declaring a character array outside of K_THREAD_STACK_DECLARE() and
passing it to K_THREAD_CREATE
- Directly examining the stack created by K_THREAD_STACK_DECLARE()
which is not actually the memory desired and may trigger a CPU
exception
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
Enabled the boot_time test on ARM SoCs, set __start_time_stamp on ARM
since we don't have a free running counter similar to TSC on x86.
Also moved to printing the values out as %u to increase the range of
values.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
Both the ARM and NXP MPU drivers incorrectly calculated the region index
by assuming the region type (e.g., THREAD_STACK_GUARD_REGION) was
zero-indexed, when in reality it is one-indexed. This had the effect of
wasting one region.
Signed-off-by: Maureen Helm <maureen.helm@nxp.com>
The NXP MPU requires special handling of region descriptor 0 to
guarantee that the debugger has access to the entire address space. It
does not allow writes from the core to affect the start or end
addresses, or the permissions associated with the debugger.
The original implementation of this driver attempted to work around
region descriptor 0, resulting in an off-by-1 error caught by Coverity.
Instead, define region descriptor 0 explicitly in the mpu_regions array,
and add some asserts to ensure that one doesn't try to change its start
or end addresses. This has an added benefit such that more permissions
can be enabled in region 0 if desired, whereas the previous
implementation always forced all writable permissions to be cleared.
Coverity-CID: 170473
Jira: ZEP-2258
Signed-off-by: Maureen Helm <maureen.helm@nxp.com>
The original implementation of _get_num_regions() parsed the CESR[NRGD]
register field to determine the number of mpu region descriptors
implemented in hardware. There was a possible path in the code to return
zero, which would cause underflow later on in arm_core_mpu_configure().
Coverity complained despite an assert to catch this condition. Instead,
use a preprocessor macro from mcux that defines the number of mpu region
descriptors.
Coverity-CID: 169811
Jira: ZEP-2208
Signed-off-by: Maureen Helm <maureen.helm@nxp.com>
Stack sentinel doesn't prevent corruption, it just notices when
it happens. Any memory could be in a bad state and it's more
appropriate to take the entire system down rather than just kill
the thread.
Fatal testcase will still work since it installs its own
_SysFatalErrorHandler.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
One of the stack sentinel policies was to check the sentinel
any time a cooperative context switch is done (i.e, _Swap is
called).
This was done by adding a hook to _check_stack_sentinel in
every arch's __swap function.
This way is cleaner as we just have the hook in one inline
function rather than implemented in several different assembly
dialects.
The check upon interrupt is now made unconditionally rather
than checking if we are calling __swap, since the check now
is only called on cooperative _Swap(). The interrupt is always
serviced first.
Issue: ZEP-2244
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
The REGION bits (bit[3:0]) of MPU_RBAR register can specify the number
of the region to update if the VALID bit (bit[4]) is also set.
If the bit[3:0] of "region_addr" are not zero, might cause to update
unexpected region. This could happen since we might not declare stack
memory with specific alignment.
This patch will mask the bit[4:0] of "region_addr" to prevent updating
unexpected region.
Signed-off-by: Chunlin Han <chunlin.han@linaro.org>
The kernel tracks time slice usage with the _time_slice_elapsed global.
Every time the timer interrupt goes off and the timer driver calls
_nano_sys_clock_tick_announce() with the elapsed time, this is added to
_time_slice_elapsed. If it exceeds the total time slice, the thread is
moved to the back of the queue for that priority level and
_time_slice_elapsed is reset to zero.
In a non-tickless kernel, this is the only time _time_slice_elapsed is
reset. If a thread uses up a partial time slice, and then cooperatively
switches to another thread, the next thread will inherit the remaining
time slice, causing it not to be able to run as long as it ought to.
There does exist code to properly reset the elapsed count, but it was
only compiled in a tickless kernel. Now it is built any time
CONFIG_TIMESLICING is enabled.
Issue: ZEP-2107
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
pop {lr} instruction is not supported in ARMv6-M, fixed by
using pop {r0}; mov lr, r0; instructions.
Jira: ZEP-2222
Signed-off-by: Vinayak Kariappa Chettimada <vich@nordicsemi.no>
We now have generic ARM M4 MPU support added to Zephyr.
Let's enable it for use with Nordic nRF52 chips.
Memory Layout was generated from Section 8.3 "Memory
Map" of nRF52 Product Specifications (for both nRF52832
and nRF52840):
0x00000000: Flash
0x10000000: Factory Information Config Registers
0x10001000: User Information Config Registers
0x20000000: SRAM
0x40000000: APB Peripherals
0x50000000: AHB Peripherals
0xE0000000: ARM M4 Private Peripheral Registers
NOT Configured:
0x60000000: External RAM
0x80000000: External RAM
0xA0000000: External Device
0xC0000000: External Device
NOTE: More work will be needed for future Nordic MWU (Memory
Watching Unit) support.
Signed-off-by: Michael Scott <michael.scott@linaro.org>
This patch add arm core MPU support to NXP MPU driver.
With this feature it is now possible to enable stack guarding on NXP
MPUs.
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch integrates the thread stack guard feature in the arm
Zephyr core.
Change-Id: I2022899cbc7a340be71cfaa52f79418292f93bae
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch adds the arm core MPU implementation.
This implementation currently supports the thread stack guard feature.
Change-Id: I8b3795ebaf1ebad38aaddc2ed2f05535ead2c09a
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch add arm core MPU support to ARM MPU driver.
Change-Id: I5a61da4615ae687bf42f1c9947e291ebfd2d2c1d
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch adds the arm core MPU interface, a common way to access the
pu functionalities by the arm zephyr kernel.
The interface can be divided in two parts:
- a core part that will be implemented by the arm_core_mpu driver and
used directly by the kernel
- a driver part that will be implemented by the mpu drivers and used by
the arm_core_mpu driver
Change-Id: I590bd284abc40d98b06fdf1efb5800903313aa00
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch adds initial MPU support to NXP K6x family.
The boot configuration prevents the following security issues:
* Prevent to read at an address that is reserved in the memory map.
* Prevent to write into the boot Flash/ROM.
* Prevent from running code located in SRAM.
This driver has been tested on FRDM-K64F.
Change-Id: I907168fff0c6028f1c665f1d3c224cbeec31be32
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
Now that all ARM platforms have a device tree we can move selecting of
HAS_DTS up and remove any !HAS_DTS cases, as well as setting in all the
defconfigs.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
This places a sentinel value at the lowest 4 bytes of a stack
memory region and checks it at various intervals, including when
servicing interrupts or context switching.
This is implemented on all arches except ARC, which supports stack
bounds checking directly in hardware.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
Unline k_thread_spawn(), the struct k_thread can live anywhere and not
in the thread's stack region. This will be useful for memory protection
scenarios where private kernel structures for a thread are not
accessible by that thread, or we want to allow the thread to use all the
stack space we gave it.
This requires a change to the internal _new_thread() API as we need to
provide a separate pointer for the k_thread.
By default, we still create internal threads with the k_thread in stack
memory. Forthcoming patches will change this, but we first need to make
it easier to define k_thread memory of variable size depending on
whether we need to store coprocessor state or not.
Change-Id: I533bbcf317833ba67a771b356b6bbc6596bf60f5
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
Adds event based scheduling logic to the kernel. Updates
management of timeouts, timers, idling etc. based on
time tracked at events rather than periodic ticks. Provides
interfaces for timers to announce and get next timer expiry
based on kernel scheduling decisions involving time slicing
of threads, timeouts and idling. Uses wall time units instead
of ticks in all scheduling activities.
The implementation involves changes in the following areas
1. Management of time in wall units like ms/us instead of ticks
The existing implementation already had an option to configure
number of ticks in a second. The new implementation builds on
top of that feature and provides option to set the size of the
scheduling granurality to mili seconds or micro seconds. This
allows most of the current implementation to be reused. Due to
this re-use and co-existence with tick based kernel, the names
of variables may contain the word "tick". However, in the
tickless kernel implementation, it represents the currently
configured time unit, which would be be mili seconds or
micro seconds. The APIs that take time as a parameter are not
impacted and they continue to pass time in mili seconds.
2. Timers would not be programmed in periodic mode
generating ticks. Instead they would be programmed in one
shot mode to generate events at the time the kernel scheduler
needs to gain control for its scheduling activities like
timers, timeouts, time slicing, idling etc.
3. The scheduler provides interfaces that the timer drivers
use to announce elapsed time and get the next time the scheduler
needs a timer event. It is possible that the scheduler may not
need another timer event, in which case the system would wait
for a non-timer event to wake it up if it is idling.
4. New APIs are defined to be implemented by timer drivers. Also
they need to handler timer events differently. These changes
have been done in the HPET timer driver. In future other timers
that support tickles kernel should implement these APIs as well.
These APIs are to re-program the timer, update and announce
elapsed time.
5. Philosopher and timer_api applications have been enabled to
test tickless kernel. Separate configuration files are created
which define the necessary CONFIG flags. Run these apps using
following command
make pristine && make BOARD=qemu_x86 CONF_FILE=prj_tickless.conf qemu
Jira: ZEP-339 ZEP-1946 ZEP-948
Change-Id: I7d950c31bf1ff929a9066fad42c2f0559a2e5983
Signed-off-by: Ramesh Thomas <ramesh.thomas@intel.com>
Future tickless kernel patches would be inserting some
code before call to Swap. To enable this it will create
a mcro named as the current _Swap which would call first
the tickless kernel code and then call the real __swap()
Jira: ZEP-339
Change-Id: Id778bfcee4f88982c958fcf22d7f04deb4bd572f
Signed-off-by: Ramesh Thomas <ramesh.thomas@intel.com>
This patch adds initial MPU support to ARM Beetle.
The boot configuration prevents the following security issues:
* Prevent to read at an address that is reserved in the memory map.
* Prevent to write into the boot Flash/ROM.
* Prevent from running code located in SRAM.
Change-Id: I64f1001369896fffb0647de6be605a95161c4695
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch adds an initial driver for the ARM MPU.
This driver has been tested on ARM Beetle and STM32F4.
Change-Id: I2bc4031961ec5a1d569929249237646f4a349f16
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
This patch add the Memory Protection Unit parameter to the arm core
configuration.
Change-Id: Ifee8cdd5738391a6f182e8d0382d27eeb8c546ba
Signed-off-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Marc Moreno <marc.morenoberengue@linaro.org>
Put the reason code in r0 and make a SVC #2 call, which will be
propagated to _fatal_error_handler as an exception.
The _is_in_isr() implementation had to be tweaked a bit. User-generated
SVC exception no longer just used for irq_offload(); just because we are
in it does not mean we are in interrupt context. Instead, have the
irq_offload code set and clear the offload_routine global; it will be
non-NULL only if it's in use. Upcoming changes to support memory
protection (which will require system calls) will need this too.
We free up some small amount of ROM deleting _default_esf struct as it's
no longer needed.
Issue: ZEP-843
Change-Id: Ie82bd708575934cffe41e64f5c128c8704ca4e48
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
Unlike assertions, these APIs are active at all times. The kernel will
treat these errors in the same way as fatal CPU exceptions. Ultimately,
the policy of what to do with these errors is implemented in
_SysFatalErrorHandler.
If the archtecture supports it, a real CPU exception can be triggered
which will provide a complete register dump and PC value when the
problem occurs. This will provide more helpful information than a fake
exception stack frame (_default_esf) passed to the arch-specific exception
handling code.
Issue: ZEP-843
Change-Id: I8f136905c05bb84772e1c5ed53b8e920d24eb6fd
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
For exceptions where we are just going to abort the current thread, we
need to exit handler mode properly so that PendSV can run and perform a
context switch. For ARM architecture this means that the fatal error
handling code path can indeed return if we were 1) in handler mode and
2) only wish to abort the current thread.
Fixes a very long-standing bug where a thread that generates an
exception, and should only abort the thread, instead takes down the
entire system.
Issue: ZEP-2052
Change-Id: Ib356a34a6fda2e0f8aff39c4b3270efceb81e54d
Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
We do the same thing on all arch's right now for thread_monitor_init so
lets put it in a common place. This also should fix an issue on xtensa
when thread monitor can be enabled (reference to _nanokernel.threads).
Change-Id: If2f26c1578aa1f18565a530de4880ae7bd5a0da2
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
We do a bit of the same stuff on all the arch's to setup a new thread.
So lets put that code in a common place so we unify it for everyone and
reduce some duplicated code.
Change-Id: Ic04121bfd6846aece16aa7ffd4382bdcdb6136e3
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
There are a few places that we used an naked unsigned type, lets be
explicit and make it 'unsigned int'.
Change-Id: I33fcbdec4a6a1c0b1a2defb9a5844d282d02d80e
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
Convert code to use u{8,16,32,64}_t and s{8,16,32,64}_t instead of C99
integer types. This handles the remaining includes and kernel, plus
touching up various points that we skipped because of include
dependancies. We also convert the PRI printf formatters in the arch
code over to normal formatters.
Jira: ZEP-2051
Change-Id: Iecbb12601a3ee4ea936fd7ddea37788a645b08b0
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <kumar.gala@linaro.org>
