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doc: Relocate and revise "System Fundamentals" material

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Relocates material that describes the most fundamental terms used
in Zephyr documentation so that it appears in the "Introducing Zephyr"
document. (i.e. Ensures that the terms are defined before they are
used in the "Getting Started Guide" that follows.)

Transforms the material into a definition list to make it easier
for readers to locate and understand the mateial. Revises the text
to give it a consistent look-and-feel.

Change-Id: I0187d99b1bdac37397a4c907d57bc1f24d7698e7
Signed-off-by: Allan Stephens <allan.stephens@windriver.com>
This commit is contained in:
Allan Stephens 2016-06-30 15:15:14 -05:00 • committed by Inaky Perez-Gonzalez
commit 92860a17a5
3 changed files with 52 additions and 32 deletions
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53
doc/introduction/introducing_zephyr.rst
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ sensors and LED wearables to sophisticated smart watches and IoT
wireless gateways.
It is designed to be supported by multiple architectures, including
ARM Cortex-M, Intel x86, and ARC. The full list of supported platforms
ARM Cortex-M, Intel x86, and ARC. The full list of supported boards
can be found :ref:`here <board>`.
Licensing
@ -63,3 +63,54 @@ small-footprint OSes:
* *Power Management Services* such as tickless idle and an advanced idling
infrastructure.
Fundamental Terms and Concepts
******************************
This section outlines the basic terms used by the Zephyr kernel ecosystem.
:dfn:`kernel`
The set of Zephyr-supplied files that implement the Zephyr kernel,
including its core services, device drivers, network stack, and so on.
:dfn:`application`
The set of user-supplied files that the Zephyr build system uses
to build an application image for a specified board configuration.
It can contain application-specific code, kernel configuration settings,
kernel object definitions, and at least one Makefile.
The application's kernel configuration settings direct the build system
to create a custom kernel that makes efficient use of the board's resources.
An application can sometimes be built for more than one type of board
configuration (including boards with different CPU architectures),
if it does not require any board-specific capabilities.
:dfn:`application image`
A binary file that is loaded and executed by the board for which
it was built.
Each application image contains both the application's code and the
Zephyr kernel code needed to support it. They are compiled as a single,
fully-linked binary.
Once an application image is loaded onto a board, the image takes control
of the system, initializes it, and runs as the system's sole application.
Both application code and kernel code execute as privileged code
within a single shared address space.
:dfn:`board`
A target system with a defined set of devices and capabilities,
which can load and execute an application image. It may be an actual
hardware system or a simulated system running under QEMU.
The Zephyr kernel supports a :ref:`variety of boards <board>`.
:dfn:`board configuration`
A set of kernel configuration options that specify how the devices
present on a board are used by the kernel.
The Zephyr build system defines one or more board configurations
for each board it supports. The kernel configuration settings that are
specified by the build system can be over-ridden by the application,
if desired.